Showing newest 3 of 5 posts from March 2010. Show older posts
Showing newest 3 of 5 posts from March 2010. Show older posts

Monday, March 29, 2010

Somalia thread for the week ending April 4

From testimony before the US House Subcommittee on Africa and Global Health's March 24 hearing, An Overview of U.S. Policy in Africa

Johnnie Carson, at 1:18:43 into the webcast:

Mr. Chairman, with respect to the TFG ... The United States has been over the last year-and-a-half the largest single contributor to the AMISOM presence, uh, in, uh, in, uh, in Somalia. We have contributed probably in excess of 150 million dollars for that AMISOM presence. We have also been a very strong supporter of the TFG. We have provided assistance which we have reported both to the congress and to the United Nations sanctions committee. We have provided assistance that has helped train their troops, provision their troops with non-lethal equipment, and to provide them with communications equipment.


As one can read in the UN Monitoring Group's latest report, it's through outsourcing where the less transparent support comes into play:
Non-State and intergovernmental actors mentioned in this section fall beyond the scope of the Monitoring Group’s mandate: namely, regional and international organizations, aid agencies and private security companies.

...

Another feature of Somalia’s war economy is the increasing activity of private security companies. ... A small but growing number, however, are prepared to tackle the challenges of onshore security services, including support to AMISOM, support to the Transitional Federal Government, and protection for private enterprises.

Few private security companies are aware of the arms embargo, and may therefore be operating in violation of its provisions. As mentioned above, resolution 1772 (2007) is silent on whether non-State actors providing support to Somali security sector institutions or private militias might be eligible for waivers or exemptions.

Bancroft Global Development

221. Bancroft provides technical expertise to AMISOM, principally related to counter-improvised explosive device capabilities, and operates under the auspices of AMISOM.

Dyncorp International

222. Dyncorp provides logistical support to AMISOM. Its facilities and personnel were specifically targeted during the suicide attack on 17 September 2009 at AMISOM force headquarters.

CSS Global Inc.

223. According to media reports, a United States-based company named CSS Global, an affiliate of CSS Alliance, has secured a contract with the Transitional Federal Government for services relating to counter-piracy and counter-terrorism. These reports were corroborated by an official of the Transitional Federal Government, Ali Hassan Gulaid, on 14 October 2009.

224. The Monitoring Group is unaware of any authorization of this activity by the Committee and sent a letter on 16 December 2009 to CSS Global seeking clarification. CSS has provided no response to date.


Back to the subcommittee testimony,

Earl Gast, U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) Senior Deputy Assistant Administrator for Africa, starting at 1:22:00 into the webcast:

..Let me just go back to our support to the TFG. The Ambassador mentioned our assistance on the security side. We also support them in building their capacity to deliver services which are vitally important to the people, um, primarily right now in Mogadishu. And we've actually, uh, supported the Djibouti process through a large grant through UNDP and UNDP is also on track ... to provide direct capacity-building support services to, uh, the TFG.

What we have recognized is that we needed new instruments, additional instruments to support the TFG, and in the last six months we have initiated two new instruments supporting the TFG in carrying out services to people in Mogadishu. Building capacity at the same time that people get services.


Huh? Talk about not really saying anything... IOW, food & medicine as a weapon - a traditional counterinsurgency tactic.

Also, recall that the March 6th NYT article on U.S. involvement in Somalia stated,
Washington is also using its heft as the biggest supplier of humanitarian aid to Somalia to encourage private aid agencies to move quickly into "newly liberated areas" and deliver services like food and medicine to the beleaguered Somali people in an effort to make the government more popular.

-- -- --

Laugh of the week:

From yet another asinine "analysis" at Strategy Page,
But the West is unwilling to commit peacekeepers to Somalia, and pacify the country. The Somalis are considered too ruthless and unruly. Moreover, the Somalis know how to spin the media, which is a scary proposition for any Western politician considering sending in troops.


That one ranks up there with Kurt Nimmo's line that "The ICU is a classic intelligence fabrication" last December.

-- -- --

Garowe Online: Al-Shabaab prepares fighters for war in central Somalia
Somali militant factions are preparing for heavy confrontation over control of towns in central Somalia where the groups have strong presence.

The two, Islamist militant group of Al-Shabaab and local clan based Ahlul-Sunnah Wal-Jamaa for the last few weeks have been building up armies in central Somali region of Galgadud, causing panic among residents in the region.

Al-Shabaab has reportedly warned that it will recapture the strategic towns in central Somalia which it lost to Ahlul-Sunnah Wal-Jamaa over the past years, by use of force.

On Monday Al-Shabaab has reportedly sent at least 2000 fighters with armory vehicles to the central towns including Dhusamareb which is currently under the control of Ahlul-Sunnah Wal-jamaa.

“Our aim this time round is to either capture Galgadud or forget about it. We sent more than 2000 well trained fighters,” said an Al-Shabaab official who requested anonymity.

-- -- --

AP: Kenya vetoes Somali wish for troops in Mogadishu
Somalia's president wants thousands of troops trained in Kenya to be deployed to Mogadishu for an upcoming offensive against Islamist militants, but Kenya has denied the request - yet another complication for a military campaign that has already been delayed several times, officials said Tuesday.

...

In a March 21 letter that The Associated Press obtained a copy of, Somali President Sharif Sheik Ahmed asked Kenyan President Mwai Kibaki for Kenya's support for a plan to transfer control of 2,500 Somali troops trained in Kenya over the last several months to the current defense minister.

That would mean the troops would be moved from the Somali-Kenya border to the Somali capital, Mogadishu, large parts of which are controlled by al-Shabab, a militant group linked to al-Qaida.

Kenya's president rejected the plan based on fears that if the troops are sent to Mogadishu, Kenya's porous frontier with Somalia would be vulnerable to cross-border incursions, said a Somali government official who spoke on condition he not be identified because of the sensitivity of the matter.

Kenyan government spokesman Alfred Mutua declined to comment.

...

For more than five months, Kenya has been training more than 2,500 Somali troops on its soil. The initial plan was for them to be deployed to the border to eliminate threats posed by al-Shabab, said clan elder Sheik Ali Gure, who helped recruit the troops from three Somali regions near Kenya.

...

Gure warned that if the Kenyan-trained troops were transferred to Mogadishu, Somali clans along the border could withdraw their support for the Somali government. The clans want the troops to stay in their regions to take on al-Shabab there.

-- -- --

(Skipping over the disinfo components of this article that create the impression that the TFG is solely responsible for originating the attempt to impose a military solution in the country or is capable of providing any services to Somalis)

AP: Pentagon eyeing drone shift to aid Somalia
The Pentagon is considering dispatching surveillance drones and other limited military support for a Somali government offensive against al-Qaida-linked insurgents, U.S. officials said, part of a cautious move to increase U.S. assistance to the anarchic African nation.

...

Determined to avoid a visible American footprint on the ground or fingerprints on Somalia's shaky government, U.S. officials are struggling to find the right balance between seizing the opportunity to take out al-Qaida insurgents there and avoiding the appearance of a U.S. occupation.

...

While American diplomats are huddling with the Somalis in the U.S. Embassy in Nairobi, Pentagon leaders are preparing a range of options to help boost Somalia's weak security forces.

One proposal would move surveillance drones to the Horn of Africa from an island in the Seychelles, where several unarmed Reaper systems were sent last fall for counter-piracy operations in the western Indian Ocean. The move would represent a more enduring U.S. commitment, which also would be largely invisible to the population.

Armed versions of the pilotless aircraft have been used to tail and fire missiles at militants in Pakistan, Afghanistan and Iraq, but the U.S. has also used them in Yemen to monitor insurgents from the air.

U.S. defense and Western diplomatic officials spoke about the deliberations on condition of anonymity because final decisions have not been made.

While administration officials said that sending U.S. troops into the embattled country is not seen as a viable option, they say they are not ruling out the use of small numbers of U.S. commandos when necessary for specific operations — much as they have done in the past.

...

Officials are concerned that any taint of U.S. interference or direct military support will only fuel the Somali insurgency.


This is not a new development. Back in mid-October I posted a number of links at the time of the military's introduction of hunter-killer drones into the region, which was also picked up and fleshed out a bit more by blogger Crossed Crocodiles in his post Political Assassin Robots Flying In African Skies. The serious push for training Somali forces for offensive campaigns began around the same period.

Official USG insistence that any coming military operations under the banner of the TFG / AU are entirely African initiatives are not credible, instead intended to deceive and misdirect attention from who is really pulling the strings here. It will backfire, of course, as, despite whatever plausible denial falls off the tongue of Carson et al, there are fingerprints and more all over the place. And it grossly, all-too-condescendingly, underestimates the intelligence of their adversaries & the general public.

-- -- --

Final moments from the Senate Appropriations Committee March 25, 2010 Hearing on the FY10 Supplemental

Chairman Inouye (starting 139:45 into webcast):

This afternoon we have focused our attention on Afghanistan and Iraq, and I believe we focus our resources there also. However, we have been receiving disturbing news of the deteriorating conditions in Somalia and that Somalia is now becoming a safe haven for al-Qa'idah. Uh, my concern, my question is, uh, do we have sufficient resources to counter the Somali al-Shabaab? Is that becoming a threat to us? Somalia's situation?

Secretary Gates: Uh, we probably both ought to answer on this one uh [crosstalk] ... go ahead

Secretary Clinton [very carefully, w/ a number of pauses, coaxing out words w/ exaggerated gesticulation]: Uh, Senator, we are, um, working very hard again in our civilian-military cooperation, uh, with, um, uh, the aim of trying to bolster the transitional federal government, uh, in Somalia, which doesn't have a lot of, um, scope of authority. It's basically confined to a part of Mogadishu. Uh, our main, uh, source of support is the, uh, AMISOM, the, um, African Union troops, primarily from Uganda, uh, that are, uh, providing a lot of the logistical and, uh, backup support that the Somali's need.

[Nodding affirmatively, repeatedly] Al-Shabaab is a threat. I mean al-shabaab, uh, is a very clear threat, and, uh, we see unfortunately, uh, it's morphing into, uh, a kind of al-Qa'idah, uh, junior partner, uh, over the last, uh, year. Uh.

But there is a growing sense that, uh, many Somali's themselves are no longer willing to, uh, be intimidated by or just give in to al-Shabaab. They've been extremely brutal in their treatment of people. Alot of, uh, amputations and other kinds of, uh, you know, very barbaric, uh, punishments. They have, uh, you know, stolen and, uh, diverted food aid, and prevented it from getting to the people, so there's a, a gradual growth of opposition internally in, uh, Somalia.

But clearly, our support, our support for the African Union mission, um, and then the additional, uh, help that, uh, our military is providing in terms of training, uh, is critical, uh, to the survival of the, uh, nascent government there and our hope that we can, uh, gain more ground by supporting it.


After that non-answer to the direct question regarding resources, Gates thus realized he could remain silent so the hearing ended. Clearly neither witness wanted to talk too specifically about this, nor did the other side want to press for more than they felt they needed to know.

-- -- --

SMC: Al-Shabab claims to have damaged a drone
The administration of Al-Shabab in the town of Marko the headquarters of the lower shabelle region in southern Somalia has claimed to have damaged one of number of drones which were flying over the town of Marko on Tuesday morning.

In the last couple of days the Al-Shabab was keeping eagle eye on the coasts of Baravo and Marko towns, after the number of the unmanned planes have rapidly increased in the atmospheres of these two towns.

...

“in the last couple of days we have been closely monitoring the maneuvers of these unmanned planes, and today they were flaying in low altitude and we have used antiaircraft missiles to attack them, and we have succeeded in damaging one of these planes’ said an officer in Al-Shabab who has avoided his name to be used.

Despite the claims made by Al-Shabab there is no other independent body which has supported the claims made by them.

The talk of the day in the town of Marko was the attacks on the unmanned planes by the Al-Shababs.


SMC: Al-Shabab sends strong warning signal to warships
The administration of Al-Shabab in the coastal town of Marko the capital of the lower shabelle region in southern Somalia has sent strong warning signal to the warship and the warplanes on the Somali waters especially those on the horizon of Marko town.

In the past couple of days there have been drones which were hovering over the town, and these drones were taking from the warships on the Somali waters according the local fishermen in the coastal town of Marka.

In a press conference Sheikh Mohammed Abdala the commanding officer of Al-Shabab in the town of Marka, has strongly warned these drones and the warships on the surface of the Somali waters

“We are strongly and seriously warning these so called drones to stop scaring away the inhabitants of the region and to stop victimizing the local fishermen in the region, we have several means to bring down these planes” said Sheikh Mohammed Abdala the commanding officer of Al-Shaba in the lower shabelle region.

-- -- --

SMC: Kenyan troops go into brief skirmish with Al-Shabab
The Kenyan troops who were recently deployed in the boarders between Kenya and Somalia for security purposes have gone head to head with Al-Shabab an armed rival Islamist faction in Somalia.

The skirmish between the Kenyan troops and the Al-Shabab took place in a location called Xar-xaar which is geographically located in the boarders between the two countries.

An unverified report which Somaliweyn Website has received from the ground says that 3 of the Kenyan troops were wounded in the skirmish.

The Kenyan troops have received auxiliary troops from the towns of Liboy and Diif, and in this case the Kenyan troops have at wide length advance in the interior of Somalia.

The update reports which are coming from the ground say that there are no exchanges of fire heard in the area.

-- -- --

Any tie-in to the claims out of Merka on Tuesday morning? Some reports insisted that it was a drone which was shot at, others that it was instead a helicopter.

From a press release NATO Helicopter Lands Safely After Shooting [pdf]
Earlier today, a NATO helicopter from Italian warship Scirocco landed safety back onboard after reporting that it had been fired upon by two men from the Somali coast. The Italian warship is operating in the Somali Basin and Gulf of Aden as part of NATO’s counter piracy mission, codenamed Operation Ocean Shield.

As part of NATO’s mission to deter and disrupt acts of piracy, Scirocco’s two helicopters were conducting aerial searches near to the coast of Somalia, when one of the pilots spotted two men aiming weapons at his helicopter. Shortly after, the helicopter crew saw smoke and heard rocket firing close by.

After completing their flying mission, the two helicopters returned safely to the ship. A full inspection back on board Scirocco confirmed there was no damage to either helicopter and both crews were unharmed.

-- -- --

AP: Germany to send trainers for Somali forces
Germany will contribute up to 20 soldiers to an EU mission to train Somali government forces in East Africa.

Government spokesman Christoph Steegmans said the Cabinet approved Germany's participation Wednesday. The German soldiers will be deployed in May and remain in East Africa for a year.

The mission _ made up of around 100 European military experts _ will train around 2,000 Somali soldiers in nearby Uganda.


Reuters: EU governments approve Somalia training mission
European Union governments said Wednesday they had given the go-ahead for a military mission to start on April 7 to train Somali forces battling an Islamist insurgency. The mission will be led by Spain and involve around 100 troops plus several dozens of additional staff.

Germany said it would contribute 20 soldiers for the mission, which will take place mainly in Uganda, where some Somali forces are already being trained. France has also committed troops and Britain is expected to participate.

The goal of the mission is to strengthen the Western-backed transitional government in Somalia.

But some EU member states have expressed concern that training its troops and providing them with guns could cause more problems than it solves without long-term commitments in place to pay them and give them institutional support.

...

The EU mission is expected to train around 2,000 Somali troops and complement other missions, bringing the total of better-trained Somali soldiers to around 6,000.

The EU said in a statement its mission would be conducted in coordination with Somalia's transitional government, the African Union, the United Nations and the United States.


PM Sharmarke on Wednesday:

AP: No big offensive in Somalia, fight to be 'gradual'
Despite months of pronouncements by officials that a big offensive is imminent, Somalia's prime minister told The Associated Press the government will only gradually try to expand its control of the capital, most of which is held by al-Qaida-linked Islamist rebels.

Officials familiar with the offensive's planning said it was repeatedly delayed because the Somali army lacks equipment, training and a reliable system to pay its soldiers — problems that the EU hopes to address by training 2,000 troops under a plan it approved Wednesday.

Any offensive action will be more of a gradual expansion of the area under the government's control, Prime Minister Omar Abdirashid Ali Sharmarke said, claiming the media had misunderstood the government's plans.

"It is not a big push. It will be gradual and well-planned," Sharmarke said in an interview Wednesday.

...

Somali Interior Minister of State Abdirashid Mohamed Hidig said there is already "strong collaboration" between the U.S. and Somalia on security, humanitarian and development issues and that U.S. surveillance planes already fly over Somalia's skies, something Somalia encourages.

"The U.S. has the full permission to carry out any security operations against international and local terrorists in Somalia. It had already targeted some terrorist elements," Hidig said.


And this, wrt the EU announcement today that it will work closely w/ the US.


U.S. officials were not immediately available for comment on the form their support might take in the training. Somali State Minister for Defense Yusuf Mohamed Siyad said it is hoped the U.S. would help guarantee pay for the soldiers.

Without a guaranteed salary, soldiers might simply desert to the Islamists after training. Siyad said this has happened several times before. The U.S. already pays the salaries of about 1,800 Somali soldiers, he said.

-- -- --

VOA: Kenya Reportedly Rejects Somali Request to Deploy Troops
A disagreement between Somalia's Transitional Federal Government and the Kenyan government about where to deploy 2,500 Kenyan-trained Somali troops is raising questions about why Kenya agreed to train the troops.

Political analysts in Nairobi are expressing concern about reports of a letter written 10 days ago by Somali President Sharif Sheik Ahmed to Kenyan President Mwai Kibaki.

...

Analyst Harun Ndubi says if the letter is genuine, it confirms what the Kenyan government has long denied - that Kenya has been actively involved in recruiting and training soldiers for Somalia's beleaguered U.N.-backed government in violation of African Union rules.

But Ndubi says it also raises questions about whether Kenya may have taken part in the effort so that it could use the troops to protect its border with Somalia.

"If Kenya trained Somalis to protect itself, then there are effectively Somali people in the employ of the [Kenyan] government and that would be breaching international relations, said the analyst. "If they are Kenyan Somalis, we might want to look at their recruitment procedures. In my view, there must have been an understanding between the TFG [Transitional Federal Government] and the Kenyan government that there will be training of people for the purposes of Somali security and I think it was terribly wrong of Kenya to do that."

...

Reports from Somalia say President Sharif is eager to move the newly-trained troops to the capital to take part in an offensive aimed at weakening al-Shabab, which currently controls most of Mogadishu and other key towns in southern Somalia.

But a clan elder involved in the recruiting in Juba Valley tells VOA the plan has always been to deploy the troops near the Kenyan-Somali border to counter threats posed by al-Shabab militants there. He said the Ogadenis would not support any move to have the youths deployed in Mogadishu.


Mareeg Online: Kenya deploys troops to its border with Somalia
Kenya has deployed more troops to its border with Somalia on Thursday, witnesses say.

Residents in the area say helicopters brought more in Libio, a town near Dhobley, a Somali border town controlled by al Shabaab.

Witnesses say they could see helicopters and soldiers in the area. The reason behind the troop movement is not known, but there have been threats from al Shabaab recently.

There has been tense situation in border between Kenya and Somalia recently where the Islamist rebels control.

Al Shabaab militants and Kenyan military exchanged gun fire on Wednesday in the area. No casualties have been reported.

-- -- --

Shabelle Media: Presidents of TFG, Puntland sign agreement in Adis Ababa
The president of the transitional government of Somalia Sheik Sharif Sheik Ahmed and Abdirahman Mohamed Farole of Puntland’s semi-autonomous region have unanimously signed agreement in the Ethiopian capital Adis Ababa, official said on Wednesday.

Reports say that both heads met in the Addis Ababa today and discussed more on issues they disagreed earlier as they were in the Kenyan capital Nairobi and lastly agreed to solve their disputes and reached solution.

Ali Abdi Aware, the consultant of the transitional government Prime Minister told reports and said that both presidents Sheik Sharif Sheik Ahmed and Abdirahman Farole ended their conflicts during their meeting in Addis Ababa adding that they promised to tighten their relation.


ENA: Ethiopian foreign minister in talks with Somali president
Foreign Affairs Minister Seyoum Mesfin and President Shaykh Sharif of TFG of Somalia here on Wednesday held talks on issues related to further strengthening bilateral relations between Ethiopia and Somalia.

Minister Seyoum and President Shaykh Sharif discussed on the current situation in Somalia.

President Shaykh Sharif told journalists after the discussion that the discussion focused on ways enabling Ethiopia to further strengthen its contributions to maintain peace and stability in Somalia.

He said Ethiopia's support is significant to further strengthen the ongoing efforts to maintain peace and stability in Somalia.

-- -- --

CounterPunch: The Israel Lobby's Curious Defense of an Alleged Somali War Criminal
The suit was dismissed by a federal district court and then reinstated by the US Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit. It is now pending before the Supreme Court, where a peculiar coalition of defenders is urging reversal. Among them, to the confusion of some observers, are five prominent pro-Israel organizations, each with a professed interest in keeping Samantar out of court. In joint amicus briefs, the groups insist that as a former government official, Samantar should be immune from suit. To hold otherwise, they warn, would violate international law and set an inviting precedent for Israel’s enemies and their supporters in the human rights community.

The arrival of the Israel lobby adds geopolitical intrigue to a case that already read like a Ludlum thriller. And because it speaks to real and immediate consequences, it lends concreteness to a discussion that would have otherwise carried on in the abstract. It is one thing for a lawyer to appeal to legal authority for the proposition that the courts of one nation ought not sit in judgment of the acts of another; it is quite another for five groups purporting to represent the interests of the Israeli government to advise that doing so in this case would be to declare open season on Israeli officials in US courts.


-- -- --

Garowe Online: Somali PM raises concern over up-coming offensive
Somalia’s Prime Minister Omar Abdirashid Ali Sharma'arke says he [doesn't] think that the military offensive against the powerful insurgents would be successful if it does not have the backing of the people.

“I don’t think that the military offensive against Al-Shabaab and Hizbul Islam would a successful one, I think the idea to instigate civilians against them will work better,” said Sharma’arke.

...

The PM said the up-coming reshuffle of the cabinet will change perception of the civilians against the government to the positive side.


Daily Monitor: Uganda to train 2,000 Somali troops
The French government, in a bid to restore calm in Somalia will set up a military mission to train security forces in Uganda.

According to Rear Admiral Christopher Prazuck, the French defence forces spokesperson, Uganda will train about 2,000 Somali soldiers as one of the long-term solutions to stabilise Somalia and bring an end to piracy in the India Ocean.

While addressing visiting journalists on March 28 at his office, Mr Prazuck revealed that Uganda’s military mission will be conducted in partnership with African Union, United Nations, USA and Uganda which is a major troop contributor to African Union Mission Peace Mission in Somalia (AMISOM).

“EU will contribute to the training of 2,000 Somali soldiers on human rights, international humanitarian law,” he said.

He revealed that the next intake of Somali soldiers will begin this month and last for six months.

Mr Prazuck revealed that EU is determined to help stablise Somalia by providing support to vital and priority areas such as security development, assistance to the population and capacity building support “because this is the only way to end piracy and insecurity”.

The army spokesman Lt. Col. Felix Kulaigye said: “EU will open up its military mission here to train about 2,000 Somali security forces to help build institutional capacity of Somalia and to strengthen the Transitional Federal Government of Somalia to take over the proper management of their country,” said Lt Col Kulaigye.

He said Uganda under AMISON has already trained about 1,200 Somali soldiers to help pacify the area and set it on the journey to stability.


AP: Somali recruits use sticks to train for war
Somali army recruits are using sticks instead of guns as they train for combat against battle-hardened Islamist rebels. Lacking equipment and training, Somalia's prime minister said a planned army offensive will be gradual instead of a blitzkrieg.

-- -- --

Shabelle Media: Al-shabab spokesman:’ Mogadishu will be in our hands before training soldiers return home’
Sheik Ali Mohamud Raghe (Sheik Ali Dere), the spokesman of Harakat Al-shabab Mujahideen has Thursday held press conference in the Somali capital Mogadishu and said that they would take over the control of the capital before the training TFG soldiers returned home.

The spokesman talked more issues during his press conference and prolonged about the plans of the European Union for training many government troops in Uganda pointing out the proposal supposed to be trained troops for the TFG meant to massacre and commit genocide to the Somali people.

“The European Union used to support the African Union troops AMISOM and TFG. Now they are redoubling their support to those who were killing the people of Somalia. But our aim is to seize who control of the Somali capital Mogadishu so as those who are being trained to miss where to come back and we request to be supported on that,” said Sheik Ali Mohamud.

During his press conference, Sheik Ali Dere talked the piracy actions saying that the activities of the Somali pirates were totally illegal and banditry actions against the boats and ships carrying goods for the Somali people and was unacceptable thing.

Lastly, the spokesman called for the Somali pirates to refrain from intervening the Somali ships or boats carrying properties for the Somali people if their aim was to protect the foreign ships hunting illegally from the coasts of Somalia.

-- -- --

Garowe Online: Fighting in Mogadishu kills 20, injures over 30
At least 20 people are killed and more than 30 others injured on Friday in fresh fierce fighting that rocked parts of Somalia ’s restive capital Mogadishu , medics and witnesses said.

Witnesses said clashes erupted on the evening in Mogadishu ’s northern districts of Karan, Shibbis and Hodan neighborhood where several mortar shells exchanged by the warring forces landed in residential areas.

Ali Muse of Mogadishu Ambulance Service says the death toll may rise as most of the wounded are in critical condition. He added that those killed are most of them civilians.


Markacadeey cites a figure more than double the wounded
The fighting in several parts of the capital Friday left 62 people injured, according to Madina hospital officials.

In the northern Mogadishu neighborhood of Manbolyo, seven people believed to be from the same family were killed, hospital officials said.

Four people were killed in the southern neighborhood of Bakara, where the city's biggest market is located. Nine more people died on their way to the hospital, said Dr. Duniyo Ali, deputy director of Madina hospital.


AFP adds that
members of the moderate Sufi Ahlusuna sect said they had fought alongside government troops.

Their fighters had given "unforgettable lessons to the enemy who characterized to harm our society," Nur Sheik Ali, spokesman for the group said.

Although the group has previously fought the hardline Shebab militia in the central Galgudud region, if confirmed, this would be the first time they had cooperated directly with government forces.

Several Somali government officials reached by AFP, while confirming the fighting, would not confirm the participation of the Ahlusuna.

-- -- --

Disinformation practitioner Bill Roggio at the Long War Journal continues to ply his craft in the piece Hizbul Islam spokesman invites bin Laden to Somalia
The leader of an Islamist terror group widely considered to be a nationalist insurgent organization has invited al Qaeda's top leader to Somalia.

During a press conference held in Mogadishu today, Moallim Hashi Mohamed Farah, the top leader for Hizbul Islam in Banadir province, welcomed Osama bin Laden and other foreign fighters to visit Somalia, Mareeg reported. While inviting bin Laden and jihadists from around the globe to fight alongside his forces against the UN-backed Transitional Federal Government, Farah also said the media was wrong to refer to jihadists as foreign fighters, and that the term should be used instead for African Union forces fighting alongside the Somali government.


Here's Garowe Online's report on Hashi's press conference:
Ma’alin Hashi also issued a strong warning to all stations to cease from calling foreign fighters in Somalia as jihadists, saying foreigners are with the UN-backed government.

“We have Muhajirins not foreigners, you know that foreigners are with the government. They are Ugandans and Burundians called AMISOM. The station that describes Muhajirins as foreigners will be dealt with in accordance with the Islamic Sharia Law,” he warned.

He said the foreigners (sic) are in the country under their invitation and would even invite Al-Qaeda’s most wanted leader Osama Bin Laden.

If we have chance we will invite Osama bin laden in Somalia. Everyone is free to come to Somalia,” he said.


"if we have the chance"

Not quite as formal an invite as the LWJ would have their readers believe, but also not as blatant a charge this time as uncritically channeling earlier efforts to convince people that Fazul had been sworn in as the leader of H.S.M. last fall. Many news sources carried the counterinsurgency propaganda version of Hashi's words this time, given the better organized momentum to discredit opposition to the transitonal govt. Still, such biased "intel" gathering & propagation on the part of the LWJ is extremely dubious - but then w/o 'islamic terrorists' there'd be no 'long war' nor a need for the LWJ...

Lamadage is back commenting at HOL and writes:
The background of this story is clear but reporters like to do cheap misleading. Unless you understand in the context was said such statement you will be confused like [another commentator] missed the intention of the spoken words of Macallin Xaash, the governer. Thank Allah I'm here and heard the full context of what was said and the background of this statement.

Background.

Local Media was trying hard recently to legitimize African merceneries with different low pretex while they (AMISON) kill and maim our innocent people at will. On the other hand, same media was giving different low hints to delegitimize the presence of few muslim migrants who came to help Somali muslim fighters.

Having cleared up the air I must say,

1) The clarity of the man must be commended not condemed unless you lack objectivity or live under uncle sam realm etc

2) Media group put his words out of proportion or context. What he was talking was AMISOM forces that occupy the main hubs of Mogadishu in the name of peace mission. More precise he was refuting people who call few immigrant muslims among the mujahideen as foriegners. He was saying how dare you call African mercerneries African brothers while you delegitmize the presence of few muslim muhajireen among Somali Islamist. If Sharif call for non muslims to help him then Somali XI and Shabaab has every right to ask their fellow muslims including Osama any help they can offer. And that stand sanction real Islam.

3)The governor of XI didn't represent the full policy stand of XI. Why? XI leader has stated before loud and clear that Osama has no right to tell or dictate on Somali Islamist what to do in Somalia.

With that the policy adopted is what XI shura stated and their leader said on record.

But we live a world where demons pictured as angles and muslims as T people. We live a world where non muslims has full right to express their views without consequences where muslims are deprived to express their feeling in proper way.

We live a world what is right and what is wrong is not measured up on Quran and sunnah but what American Congress or EU caucus define and condone.

In such world, muslims should seek guidamce only from Quran and correct sunnah not otherwise.

With that clarity our souls survive.

Thursday, March 25, 2010

Somalia thread for the week ending March 28

UPI: TFG staggers toward big push
The March 5-16 airlift of Ugandan troops by the U.S. DynCorp International, working under the NATO banner, rotated the 850-man Ugandan battalion in Mogadishu, but added almost 1,000 more men to Amisom's strength of some 5,000 personnel.

However, 10 days later, there was no sign that the TGF was poised to launch an attack, even though TFG forces have been strengthened by some 2,500 troops trained in Kenya and Djibouti.

TFG Interior Minister Sheik Abdulkadir Ali Omar, announced March 6 that preparations for the offensive were in the "final stage." But nothing has happened.

That stems in large part from the weakness of the dysfunctional government and the inferior quality of its combat forces, who are poorly trained, motivated and equipped.

The government is notoriously corrupt. The United Nations has called for an investigation into the apparent diversion of large amounts of food aid to the Islamist insurgents by corrupt contractors.

Government officials say the TFG only has enough funds to sustain a few days of heavy fighting, rather than the months it is expected to take to get on top of the Islamists.

The extent of corruption has put off foreign donors who have kept the TFG afloat since it was established with U.S. backing -- and Ethiopian military muscle -- in December 2006.

Pro-government clan militias have refused to undergo training to professional military standards unless they are compensated. But the TFG Treasury is empty.

The Jamestown Foundation of Washington, which monitors global security, reported last Friday, "Leadership is also in question." It noted that President Sheik Sharif Sheik Ahmed "rarely emerges from his headquarters in the Villa Somalia presidential palace."


Haha. Sh. Sharif rarely spends consecutive days in his bunker, erm headquarters, in Mogadishu. IOW, he emerges from there regularly in order to hop into an armored escort to the airport. But he is pinned down when there.

Meanwhile, contrast that UPI article with this one - the NYT's Jeffrey Garbageman atones for the unwanted focus on USG involvement in Somalia that one of his articles recently generated by cobbling together a big stinkin' heap of counterinsurgency propaganda while embedded in Mogadishu - Somali Backlash May Be Militants’ Worst Foe
MOGADISHU, Somalia — For the past three years, the Shabab, one of Africa’s most fearsome militant Islamist groups, have been terrorizing the Somali public, chopping off hands, stoning people to death and banning TV, music and even bras in their quest to turn Somalia into a seventh-century-style Islamic state.

At the same time, they have drawn increasingly close to Al Qaeda, deploying suicide bombers, attracting jihadists from around the world and prompting American concerns that they may be spreading into Kenya, Yemen and beyond.

But could Somalia finally be reaching a tipping point against the Shabab?

Not only is Somalia’s transitional government gearing up for a major offensive against the Shabab — with the American military providing intelligence and logistical support — but Mogadishu’s beleaguered population, sensing a change in the salt-sticky air, is beginning to turn against them.

Women who have been whipped and humiliated by morality police for not veiling their faces are now whispering valuable secrets about the Shabab’s movements into the ears of government soldiers. Teenage students outraged that Shabab-allied fighters hoisted a black flag in front of their school recently pelted the fighters with stones. Defectors are leaving the Shabab in droves, including one 13-year-old who said that he was routinely drugged before being handed a machine gun and shoved into combat.

...

..never before has the Somali public had such a vested interest in who wins as they do in the coming showdown against the Shabab.

“They are like rabid dogs,” said Dahir Mohamed, a shopkeeper, who still has puffy, oddly circular scars on his face from where he says young Shabab fighters bit him.

...

..if Somalis, who possess considerable firepower of their own, decisively turn against the Shabab, and the government provides people with an alternative to rally behind, it could be difficult for the militants to reconstitute themselves, even as a guerrilla army.

...

“I’m not saying Somalia’s going to be a modern state,” said one American official “But it won’t be a radical Islamic state either.”

The Shabab seem to be rapidly ruining any chances of that. Defections, double-crossings and internal strife are increasingly plaguing their movement, according to many Somalis.

...

The Shabab seem to be traveling down the same degenerative path of countless other African rebel groups that began with a discernible ideology, but then turned to terrorizing the very people they were supposed to liberate.


Or so the psyops teams would like you to believe...

(I feel so dirty after reading disinformation like that... ugg...)

On to someone else I almost always disagree with, J. Peter Pham's latest - Muddled on Mogadishu: America's Confused Somalia Strategy. Giving him the benefit of the doubt, Pham apparently still does not realize the counterrevolutionary tactic of installing Sh. Sharif into the largely irrelevant office of transitional president of Somalia. Not only did that move split apart the ARS at a most opportune time, it further provoked divisions amongst Islamist groups and clans, ensuring, if not divide et impera per se, at least a destabilization that precluded an unaccountable Islamic governance for Southern and Central Somalia. Islamist has been pitted against Islamist as animosity mounts against the Abgal. That was the role set up for Sh. Sharif - ignore the "last best hope" spin. More like a late-in-the-game hail mary to avert a popular revolution from taking hold.

Anyway, back to Pham. He almost comes close to figuring this out when he writes: [italics are his - see the original for links to sources]

While the media is wont to describe the TFG—which, it should be recalled, is just the fifteenth in a succession of failed interim regimes since the overthrow of the dictatorship of Muhammad Siyad Barre—as the "internationally recognized government" of Somalia, the fact is its legal recognition as a sovereign subject of international law is more the exception than the rule. While the United States, for example, never formally severed relations with Somalia after shutting down the American Embassy there in 1991, neither has it officially recognized any of the fifteen transitional governments, including the current TFG. The State Department website merely states: "The United States maintains regular dialogue with the TFG and other key stakeholders in Somalia through the U.S. Embassy in Nairobi, Kenya."


That would be the man of many acronyms, Ambassador Ranneberger, who "is also responsible for U.S. relations with Somalia" and functions as Sh. Sharif's handler.

In fact, the lack of affirmative de jure recognition for the TFG is presumed by the introduction in October 2009 of a proposed Congressional Resolution by Congressman Donald Payne, chairman of the Africa Subcommittee of the U.S. House of Representatives, urging "the Obama Administration to recognize the TFG and allow the opening of an official Somali Embassy in Washington."

The clear implication is that the United States Government accords the TFG something less than normal diplomatic recognition as a sovereign. In fact, this point was formally conceded in early 2010 by the Obama administration when, in a brief filed with the U.S. Supreme Court in a case involving Siyad Barre's defense minister, Mohamed Ali Samantar, the Solicitor-General of the United States and the Legal Advisor of the State Department acknowledged that "since the fall of that government, the United States has not recognized any entity as the government of Somalia".


But, either he is not capable of drawing the correct conclusion or he's also subordinated honest assessment to an ideological itinerary.

Thus, the muddled message seems to be we will arm you in the hope that you make something of yourself because we don't have any other ideas at the moment, but we won't recognize you just in case you utterly embarrass us—not much of a strategy as far as it goes. What is needed is a fundamental change in approach. If, after more than five years since its inception, hundreds of millions of dollars in foreign aid, and the lives of hundreds of valiant Ethiopian, Ugandan, and Burundian officers and enlisted men who have given their lives defending it when its own ministers won't commit their own sons to the effort, the TFG is still unable to rally to its banner the very people it purports to represent, there is nothing that any outside power can or should do to impose it upon clearly unwilling Somalis. Rather, it is high time that the United States and Somalia's other international partners look after their own legitimate interests and refocus their energies on minimizing and containing the harm caused by the interim regime's ineffectiveness and corruption, while strengthening those functional parts of the former Somali state and integrating them into the framework for regional security and stability. To put it in terms that would resonate with the traditional pastoral Somali, the stakes are simply too high for us to risk a bet on a camel that, if not quite dead, is certainly crippled.


-- -- --

In Uganda,

New Vision: Gen. Wamala advises on Somali crisis
THE commander of the land forces, Lt. Gen. Katumba Wamala, yesterday said increasing the number of troops in Somalia will not solve the crisis in the war torn nation. He instead appealed for a more holistic approach to the Somali problem.

Speaking at the opening of a consultative assessment workshop for the African Union (AU) in support of the transitional federal government of Somalia, Wamala said the problem in the country was more than just the issue of troops.

“For those who think the solution to Somalia’s problem is just guns, they are mistaken. The problem is not the number of guns, the problem is failed institutions and what is needed is a holistic approach to the problem,” he said.

Under the multi-prolonged approach, Katumba Wamala said there was need to tackle the security issue alongside building state institutions, which he said are almost non-existent due to two decades of insurgency.

“We cannot think of sending more soldiers when other arms of government are not functional. We need to improve the arms of the state,” he said.

Participants included the Soma li minister for labour and human resource, Mohamed Abdi Hayir, Wafula Wamunyinyi from the AU commission for Somalia and the Somali ambassador to Uganda, Sayid Ahmed Dahir.

The workshop also established what is needed for the effective running of crucial ministries and offices in Somalia and to ensure local ownership of the process.
The crucial ministries included that of defence, national security, internal affairs, public service, finance and the office of the prime minister.

The ultimate aim is to improve service delivery in crucial areas and it is hoped that this will provide the necessary catalyst for peace and stability.

...

Wamunyinyi lashed out at the numerous conferences and workshops that have been held in the name of addressing the Somalia problem but with no solutions.

“We are no longer interested in conferences that bear no results and this is particularly true for people dealing with the Somali crisis,” he said.


A similar report on the conference in the Daily Monitor adds:

Gen. Wamala, who was addressing a meeting of senior Somali government officials in Kampala, said Somalis are likely to lose confidence in the transitional government of Sheikh Sharif Ahmed due to poor social service delivery.

...

..the deputy Special Representative of the Chairperson of the African Union Commission for Somalia, Mr Wafula Wamunyinyi, said the African Union (AU) has prioritised capacity building to support transitional government institutions.

He said the AU, which is mandated to build capacity of the transitional government institutions, has identified public service and security as the key areas to reactivate.


But then that article also (mis)attributes the problem as

The conflict between Islamist insurgent groups has displaced nearly 170,000 people in the capital, Mogadishu.


Of course... What else could one expect from a publication whose banner reads "Truth Every Day"?

As if the succinct summary prepended to that article didn't already clue you in:
In Summary

The Somalia Minister for Labour and Human Resources Development, Mr Mohamed Abdi Hayir, said Somalis alone cannot bring stability in their country. “We need your support. African brothers are those who can support you when you are in a critical condition,” he said.


-- -- --

Mercenaries on a problematic merchant ship killed a suspected Somali pirate on Tuesday. From the story in Ecoterra International's SMCM

UAE vessel in third and now deadly incident off the Somali coast
The notorious UAE-owner-managed MV ALMEZAAN (aka AL Mezaan) (IMO number: 7906710) a general cargo ship with a gross tonnage of 2086 built in 1979 and sailing under a flag of convenience from Panama was again in trouble - this time approximately 60 miles south of Harardheere along the Somali coast.early on Tuesday morning.

Already captured twice before (one time in connection with armoured vehicles and one time in connection with an alleged weapons transport), this time the crew had armed private staff with them killing one of the Somalis, who wanted together with six others to intercept the vessel en route to Mogadishu.

...


"Private security guards shot and killed a Somali pirate during an attack on a merchant ship off the coast of East Africa in what is believed to be the first such killing by armed contractors," the EU Naval Force spokesman confirmed Wednesday.

The Somali group had apparently approached the vessel twice, said EU Naval Force spokesman Cmdr. John Harbour. During the second approach there was an exchange of fire between the guards and the pirates.

...

The vessel sports as "registered owner" SHAHMIR MARITIME of St Vincent & The Grenadines - another briefcase office -, while BIYAT INTERNATIONAL from Dubai in the United Arab Emirates serves as ship-manager and Inter Gulf Marine of UAE usually play the role of the shipping and cargo manager. With this onion-routed layers of confusing responsibilities it will be interesting to see who takes the responsibility for hiring the armed men onboard, to see if they had permission to carry arms in Somali waters from the Somali government and who from the "guns-for-hire" will finally admit to have shot and killed the Somali man.

...

Though in general this killing raises questions over who has jurisdiction over a growing army of armed guards on merchant ships flying flags from many nations, it is quite clear that in this case the shooter as well as the attackers have to be tried by the High Court in Mogadishu, because based on Somalia's still valid maritime law of 1973, merchant vessels can not carry arms in Somali waters without permission from the government of Somalia and an armed attack against a merchant vessel in Somali waters is likewise a crime.

-- -- --

What to make of this? Feeling out public opinion? Provoking attacks?

Garowe Online: Mogadishu braces for govt's military offensive
The besieged Transitional Federal Government (TFG) of Somalia is planning to launch full scale its much-awaited offensive against the powerful insurgence in the coming week, sources told Radio Garowe.

A high ranking official who requested not to be named said the preparation has been completed and the plans are to retain the control of the Horn of African nation which had been ruined by two-decade long civil war.

"This coming week will launch our offensives to retain the control of 10 districts in Mogadishu, which are not under the control of the government,” he said.

“The war will start within weeks and the plans are that way unless its changed,” he added.



"This coming week will launch our offensives" or "the war will start within weeks" unless we don't...?

And how does one "retain control" of districts "not under the control of the government"?


In recent weeks, thousands of people have fled Mogadishu's near-daily insurgent attacks and the TFG officials' repeated threats of launching a massive offensive to push back the insurgents.

The official also said American warplanes will take part in the offensives and the neighboring countries of Kenya and Ethiopia will tighten their borders with Somalia.

...

Somali military commander Gen. Mohammed Gelle Kahiye has previously stated that the force will receive special care ... in the fight, adding that work is completing at the special Hospital where the wounded will be admitted.

The war against the insurgents was planned by President Sheikh Sharif Sheikh Ahmed, who said it is the only remaining option for his one-year old administration to voyage in the rattled waters.


Heh!

Like this?

Mareeg Online: Five killed in fresh shelling in Mogadishu
At least five civilians have been killed and seven others have been injured in heavy shelling that targeted civilian populated areas in the capital, witnesses said on Thursday.

It is not known the reason behind the shelling, and no fighting has been reported in Mogadishu on Thursday.

The shelling targeted Karan, Yaqshid, and Abdiaziz districts in north Mogadishu and also Hodan district in south Mogadishu.

It is suspected that the government soldiers and the African Union troops fired the mortars to the insurgent held areas in the capital.

The wounded civilians have been rushed to Mogadishu hospitals where they are being treated.


-- -- --

Cleansing?

Garowe Online: Somali force demolish houses near Mogadishu airport
Somali police force demolished several homestead built near the Mogadishu Airport after reports emerged that they were funded and used by Al-Shabaab insurgent group.

The force, which was acting on order from Mogadishu local administration, razed down all the houses on what the officials said was plans to avert a possible attack on the airport carried within the area by the insurgents.

"The houses were demolished so as to tighten the security around the airport,” said Mogadishu’s council Secretary General Abdikafi Hilowle.

Col. Abdullahi Hassan Barise, Police Spokesman told the reporters that the insurgent group Al-Shabaab funded the construction of the houses near the airport so that I can use to carry out its attacks. [sic]

"It was a counter-plan if we look on one side, the other side is maintaining the security of the government-controlled areas. The government will relocated those affected by relocated to Medina district,” he said.

However, the affected population says the operation was conducted in an unethical manner where the police forcible uprooted the innocent civilians and demolished the houses early in the morning.

“I and my six children are homeless now, we don’t where to spend tonight which is our biggest nightmare". "We built our houses here because we felt it is more secure than any other place,” said Muhubo Nur, one of the mothers whose house was demolished.

The order to demolish the houses was issued by President Sheikh Sharif Sheikh, according to district commissioner of Hamarjajab.


AP: Hundreds of Somali families evicted near airport
Witnesses say hundreds of poor Somali families are being forcibly evicted from their homes near the airport.

Asha Madey said Friday that she spent the night in the open with her seven children after their two-room house was destroyed by security personnel with bulldozers.

Police spokesman Abdulahi Hassan Barise says the plan will continue until threats to Mogadishu's main airport are eliminated. The targeted area was a former air force base and is about 100 yards (meters) from the airport's fence.

Human rights groups say the families - who squatted the idle land - have no place to go.

Somalia's fragile government is battling Islamists who usually fire mortars from residential areas.


From Amnesty International's new report, No end in sight: The ongoing suffering of Somalia's civilians [503KB PDF]
This document reports violations of international humanitarian law and human rights abuses suffered by civilians, including incidents which may constitute indiscriminate and disproportionate attacks, unlawful restrictions imposed on journalists and aid workers, torture and other ill-treatment and unlawful killings since September 2009. This document does not present an exhaustive account of the human rights situation in Somalia, but only contains information that Amnesty International has been able to gather from local sources. Amnesty International believes that this information represents only a small part of what is really happening in the conflict areas of south and central Somalia, because insecurity and threats on civil society have effectively hampered adequate monitoring of the situation. Nevertheless, the number of incidents reported here point to patterns of serious abuses and violations of human rights and international humanitarian law, some of which amount to crimes under international law. While some of the actors and the dynamics in the Somalia internal armed conflict may have changed, the nature of abuses affecting civilians remains largely similar to those which were committed between early 2007 and January 2009, when the Ethiopian army was present in the country.

...

There are near weekly incidents of fighting and shelling between armed opposition groups on one side and TFG forces and AMISOM troops on the other side, and near weekly reports of civilian deaths and injuries as a result. Armed opposition groups continue to launch attacks from areas inhabited or frequented by civilians in Mogadishu, endangering the lives of civilians. They fire mortars and heavy artillery in the direction of TFG and AMISOM bases, near which civilians live. TFG and AMISOM forces are repeatedly accused of responding by firing mortars and using other artillery weapons in the direction of the attackers. All sides to the conflict use mortars and other heavy artillery, weapons which are inherently indiscriminate when used in densely populated urban areas. Some sources have even alleged to Amnesty International that AMISOM is firing BM or “Katyusha” rockets when responding to attacks by armed opposition groups.5 These attacks and counter-attacks invariably result in civilian deaths and injuries.

AMISOM has told Amnesty International that it does not respond to attacks by armed groups by shelling indiscriminately civilian areas, and that it exercises maximum restraint and caution when acting in defence against attacks by armed opposition groups. Amnesty International provided to AMISOM a list of incidents where indiscriminate shelling of residential areas is alleged to have occurred and invited it to respond to such allegations. Amnesty International has yet to receive a response from AMISOM on some of the specific incidents detailed below.

Although Amnesty International does not have sufficient information to make a determination that each of the attacks described in this chapter was indiscriminate, the use of mortars and other weapons that are inappropriate for fighting in densely populated civilian areas demonstrate a persistent failure by all parties to the conflict to comply with their legal obligation to take necessary precautions to protect civilians and civilian objects, and are likely to have resulted in indiscriminate attacks.


From the section on applicable International Humanitarian Law,
International humanitarian law governs the conduct of war and seeks to protect civilians, others not participating in hostilities and civilian objects during times of armed conflict. International humanitarian law binds all parties to an armed conflict, including non-state armed groups.

International human rights law, including civil, cultural, economic, political and social rights, applies both in peacetime and during armed conflict and is legally binding on states, their armed forces and other agents. It establishes the right of victims of serious human rights violations to remedy, including justice, truth and reparations.

International criminal law establishes individual criminal responsibility for certain violations and abuses of international human rights and international humanitarian law, such as war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide, as well as torture, extrajudicial executions and enforced disappearance.

Civilians are defined in IHL as those who are not combatants. In the context of the non-international armed conflict in Somalia, Amnesty International uses civilians to describe people who are taking no direct part in hostilities. Common Article 3 provides that persons taking no active parts in hostilities “shall in all circumstances be treated humanely”, setting out a duty to care for the wounded and sick, prohibiting, inter alia, unlawful killings, torture, humiliating and degrading treatment and the taking of hostages.

International humanitarian law places an absolute duty on all parties to the conflict to distinguish between civilians and combatants.

...

All parties to the conflict must take “constant care…to spare the civilian population, civilians and civilian objects.” All feasible precautionary measures must be taken to avoid, and in any event minimize, incidental loss of civilian life and injury to civilians, including doing everything feasibly to verify that the prospective targets of an attack are military objectives, and not civilians or civilian objects; where possible, giving effective advance warning of attacks which may affect the civilian population; refraining from deciding to launch any attack which may be expected to cause incidental loss of civilian life, injury to civilians, damage to civilian objects or a combination of these, which would be excessive in relation to direct military advantages anticipated. Parties to a conflict must also take all necessary precautions to protect civilians under their control against the dangers resulting from military operations including by removing civilians from the vicinity of military objective and avoiding locating military objectives near or within densely populated areas.

...

Individuals, whether civilians or military, can be held criminally responsible for certain violations of international human rights law and international humanitarian law.

Serious violations of international humanitarian law, including wilful killings, torture and other ill-treatment, direct attacks against civilians or indiscriminate or disproportionate attacks, may amount to war crimes. Individuals may be held liable for attempting, committing, planning or instigating the commission of a war crime. Responsibility for war crimes may also fall upon commanders or non-combatant leaders under the principle of command responsibility where they knew or should have known about the commission of a war crime and failed to take sufficient measures to prevent the carrying out of a war crime or failing to punish those responsible.

-- -- --

So what was being unloaded at the port in Mogadishu?

Mareeg Online: The chances of a fair vote in the coming election are fast receding
At least two civilians were killed Friday and seven others were injured in mortar shelling that hit in north Mogadishu.

More mortars hit in Wardhigley, Karan, Yaqshid, and Shibbis districts in Mogadishu where the Insurgents control.

It is not known the reason behind the shelling, but reports say insurgents fired mortars to sea port and the African Union troops who guard the port fired back heavier mortars to the areas.

Residents say shelling in Mogadishu became nearly daily. Five civilians were killed in Mogadishu on Thursday by mortars in the same districts.

-- -- --

The unpopular operations around the airport this week ran into predictable problems

Mareeg Online: Three killed in fighting between government soldiers
At least three people including a civilian woman were killed in a gun battle between government soldiers in Mogadishu, witnesses said on Saturday.

The fighting started after soldiers tried to destroy forcibly makeshift houses in Afisyone neighborhood in Mogadishu near the airport which the mayor ordered days ago but other soldiers confronted them.

Abdirisaq Mohamed Nur, Mogadishu mayor ordered the makeshift houses near the airport to be destroyed saying that Islamist militants could infiltrate among the IDPS and could target the airport.

Government soldiers who their families live in the area rejected the other soldiers to destroy the houses and the fighting erupted between them killing five people and wounding seven others including civilians.

Colonel Hassan Mohamed Hassan, an officer of the Somali government who live in the area criticized the soldiers who attacked their houses and added that they have complied the order of the mayor and were in middle of moving when these soldiers attacked them.


Shabelle Media: Landmine blast kills high TFG official in Mogadishu
The district commissioner of the Transitional Federal Government of Somalia for Hamar Jajab district in Mogadishu has been killed another officials injured after land mine blast targeted to the officials’ vehicle traveling around Afisyone the airport, witnesses told Shabelle radio on Saturday.

The transitional government authorities ordered the displaced people around Aden Ade International airport to leave from the areas soon as possible recently and there had been relocating operations continued there.

Witnesses confirmed the death of the district commissioner Ahmed Sheik Mohamed Odawa known as (Qorleh) adding that the deputy security secretary of Banadir region was among the government officials assassinated in the landmine explosion.

Harakat Al-shabab Mujahideen claimed the responsibility of the blast.

...

On the other hand fighting between the military and police forces of the transitional government troops broke out at the areas around the airport early on Saturday morning before the district commissioner and his convoy headed to the side of Afisyone where he was lastly assassinated in the zone.

Abdullaahi Hassan Barise, the spokesman of the police forces of the transitional government of Somalia was reportedly injured as the clash between the two sides continued.


Reuters: Four Somalis killed by roadside bomb, police say
A government official and three other people were killed on Saturday by a roadside bomb triggered by remote control in the Somali capital, witnesses and police said.

Ahmed Mohamud, district commissioner of the Mogadishu district of Hamar Jajab, was killed while driving in a part of the city controlled by the government and African Union peacekeepers.

"He died on the spot, two soldiers and a civilian woman also died there," police officer Abdi Hassan told Reuters.

The rebel group al Shabaab claimed responsibility for the attack which also left several people wounded.


Garowe Online adds
The officials were reportedly in the area to assess the security situation after the police on Thursday demolished several houses of Internally Displaced people built near the airport.

Al-Shabaab insurgent group has claimed responsibility for the explosion.

"We carried out the attack to avenge the suffering he (Odowa) inflicted on the poor displaced people," Al-Shabaab’s Mogadishu commander Sheikh Ali Mohammed Hussein told the reporters.

Meanwhile, brief clashes involving government soldierss near Mogadishu 's main airport has killed at least five soldiers and injured six others. Other reports said armed protesters opposed to the demolition of the house in the area joined the clashes against one side of the government forces.


-- -- --

More on that story of that shooting of the suspected "pirate" from issue 349 of Ecoterra International's SMCM. (The EU NAVFOR released the survivors this weekend after the cargo ship party refused to give any statements, which leads you to wonder what exactly everyone -- from the MV ALMEZAAN and it's owners to the navies involved -- has been up to.)
The case of an alleged "security detail" on board a more than suspicious cargo vessel killing an alleged Somali attacker becomes more and more confusing, though it had triggered a wide discussion about the use of armed private security guards on vessels again.

Transpiring information now says that there had been no security group on board the MV ALMEZAAN though the spokesman of Operation Atalanta, the EU NAVFOR naval anti-piracy consortium, had reported otherwise, based on what the Spanish frigate had reported back.

There can be no doubt that the first priority in investigating and trying this case rests with the judiciary of the Transitional Federal Government of Somalia, because the incident happened inside the 200nm zone of Somalia, over which - based on the valid Somali maritime law of 1973 - Somalia has the full jurisdiction.

A rendition of the 6 surviving Somalis to Kenya or the Seychelles and/or the withholding of the body of the deceased, the boats and equipment from the Somali government - as it was intended by the Spanish Defence Minister Carme Chacon - must be seen as obstruction of justice and destruction of crucial evidence and the Kenyans anyway already refuse to get more alleged pirates delivered into their jails with very scanty evidence.

The destruction of evidence already took place because the Spanish navy destroyed the supply boat of the Somali group, which allegedly attacked the MV ALMEZAAN.

To first apprehend the six men and then just send them home and to deliver the dead body to the AMISOM forces of the African Union in Mogadishu is certainly not appropriate - to say the least.

The case must be tried by the Somali High Court in Mogadishu, which is staffed, equipped and functioning at least to such extent that nobody could pretend it would not be capable to handle such a case.

Contacted, the Somali Minister of Justice, Abdurahman Mohomud Farah, has promised a full investigation and bringing the culprits to book - be it so called pirates, so called security details or so called navies, because the story from Harardheere, the home of the Somali group, says that actually naval forces killed the man - not necessarily the Spanish, which apparently arrived only an hour later.

In the murky waters off Somalia the navies unfortunately are not the bright light of honesty and transparency on the horizon, required to solve Somalia's problems with piracy.

If one then looks in addition on the comments on the EU NAVFOR website concerning this story one gets an impression what characters actually are attracted by the European navies' operations. EU NAVFOR obviously even promotes such outbursts, for which similar writers just recently got jailed in the U.S., because each comment is vetted and can appear on the www.eunavfor.eu website only after approval.

How long will the Atalanta-boys be allowed to continue their shameful games before the senior Admiralty of the European nations step in and reinstall the codex of honour at least with their national blue water forces.

-- -- --

Somaliland Press: Puntland President Dashes to Ethiopia For an Emergency Meeting
The president of Somalia’s semi-autonomous region of Puntland and a senior delegation from his administration have flown out of the commercial port town of Bosasso on Sunday for hurried Addis Ababa talks.

Mr. Abdirahman Mohamed ‘Farole’ and a senior delegation including his Interior minister, Mr. Abdullahi Ahmed were invited to Addis Ababa for an emergency meeting as crisis between the government of Farole and Puntland’s main intelligence agency intensified.

The issue arose when President Abdirahman Mohamed ‘Farole’ issued a presidential decree, dated March 12th, ordering the dismissal of Puntland Intelligence Service (PIS) director, Mr. Osman Diana, and appointing Col. Ali Mohamed Yusuf “Binge” (see SOMALIA: Tensions high in Bossaso as president shakes up intelligence agency).

Mr. Osman has defied the dismissal, saying the order is unacceptable and accused the president of trying to take full control of the agency.

According to sources close to Mr. Osman, he also accuses the president of having links with pirates in the region.

Mr. Osman has also since seized full control of PIS’s second office in Lanta Hawada neighborhood in the port city of Bossaso.

The PIS, which functions independently was established almost a decade ago and is considered the most powerful institution in Puntland. The PIS is said to receive at least 50 per cent of Puntland’s annual income as well as funds from Western intelligence services.

The political maneuvering of president Farole has also raised concerns with the Americans and Ethiopians – who are said to be the main financiers of PIS.

Mr. Farole is expected to meet with U.S. and Ethiopian officials regarding PIS and he is mostly like to reverse his decree under the pressure of the two countries.

Tuesday, March 16, 2010

Somalia thread for the week ending March 21

Inner City Press: On Somalia, UN Belated Admits Rejections of its MOU With Kenya
A UN-promoted joint Law of the Sea filing by Kenya and those Somalis the UN works with, about Somalia's offshore rights, has finally been acknowledged by the UN as rejected by the Somalia parliament.

On March 12, 2010, the UN web site quietly added the notation that the "Memorandum of Understanding" about the filing, pushed by Nairobi based UN envoy Ahmedou Ould Abdallah and funded by oil drilling Norway, "has been rejected by the Parliament of the Transitional Federal Government Somalia, and is to be hence treated as non-actionable."

Inner City Press has reported extensively about this controversial MOU, which despite rejection in Somalia has been defended by the UN, Ould Abdallah and Norway. Another analysis by some Inner City Press sources is below.

But the UN's quiet admission that its plan for the Somali coastline was rejected by Somalis comes as the UN's Sanctions Group on Somalia is promoting its findings about widespread diversion of aid to Al Shabab. As Inner City Press reported, the Sanctions report has subject last week to a staged leak, first to the New York Times and then to wire services. Some UN correspondents reported did not appreciate the exposure of how the document was shown. But it is relevant, and should have been reported in the initial stories.

Here now is an alternative telling of the UN - Somali story, an update to Inner City Press' previous reporting on the MOU:
From the [beginning, many] Somalis were furious about the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU), saying “Somali territorial waters would have been lost had this MOU succeed”. And any where that the Somali TFG delegations travel they were confronted by angry citizens asking them “why did they sign that MOU” and demanding answers from them.

While many Somali lawmakers (MPs) were criticizing the government about the controversial MOU with Kenya, and hand full of TFG ministers were shying away from defending it, Deputy Prime Minister ( he is also Minister of Fisheries and Marine Resources) Abdirahman Adan Ibbi (AKA Prof. Ibbi) became the biggest lobbyist for the MOU - Weird huh!

Prof. Ibbi fought very had so that the MOU would go forward. In doing so he wrote a letter* to Ban Ki Moon on August 19, 2009 supporting the MOU – it was after the Somali parliament rejected the same MOU (and voted down on August 1, 2009).

What is serious about that letter was: it was signed by him, Prof. Ibbi, but is says it was written by TFG Prime Minister Omer Abdirashid Ali Sharmarke who was out of town at the time. When that letter became public Prof. Ibbi started to fade away into the background.

Prof. Ibbi had a backing of the TFG president Sheikh Sharif Sheikh Ahmed, who also defended the MOU .

When the Somali PM Sharmarke realized that his deputy used his name, he (Sharmarke) wrote his own letter to Ban Ki Moon on October 10, 2009, supporting the Parliament decision. The funny thing is, Sharmarke’s office did not send that letter to The Secretary-General of UN as they should. Much later, realizing again, Sharmarke handed the letter to Somalia's Foreign Minister, Ali Jama Jangali so that he could hand deliver to Ban Ki Moon or at least send through appropriate channel.

Nobody knows whether Jangali handed that letter to The Secretary-General – at least it was not posted at the UN website as they did the previous letters regarding the same MOU.

While all these were going on, a group of Somali lawmakers, who were fed up with government, sent their own letter to Ban-Ki Moon asking him not to accept the controversial maritime deal between Kenyan and Somalia and remind him that Somali Parliament rejected it. Again that letter also was not posted at UN website and as far as we aware of, The Secretary-General of the United Nations did not respond the Somali MPs’ letter – at least he did send reply back.

We do not know what did it or which letter reached at the Ban Ki Moon’s desk. But we do know that there was an update at UN website on 12 March 2010 stating that: “The MOU has been rejected by the Parliament of the Transitional Federal Government Somalia, and is to be hence treated as non-actionable.

This has been a huge relief for Somalis in general as they realize that the MOU between Somalia and Kenya is non-actionable – which in legal term means NULL & VOID.

Somalis think this is very good statement from UN headquarters, why? The MOU between Somalia and Kenya had a backing of UN Somalia Office (based mainly in Nairobi Kenya). This has been a concern for Somali people. And that is why many believe that UN Headquarters did not acknowledge quickly when Somali Parliament rejected the same MOU.

This is also a news dawn for Somali political system, some say, as members of parliament realize that they can overrule any law (for Somalia) even if the president doesn’t approve it. There had been even a talk to impeach the Somali parliament speaker, Sheikh Aden Mohamed Nur (AKA Aaden Madoobe) as he did not act swiftly when the TFG government started the maritime MOU between Somalia/Kenya.

* Below is the link of Prof. Ibbi’s letter (at UN website)

http://www.un.org/Depts/los/clcs_new/submissions_files/ken35_09/som_re_ken_clcs35.pdf

You can compare with the Somali PM’s signature at following link (UN website).

http://www.un.org/Depts/los/clcs_new/submissions_files/preliminary/som_2009_letter.pdf

We'll have more on this.


-- -- --

The A.S.w.J. / TFG agreement was officially signed in Addis Ababa on Monday

Mareeg Online: Islamists sign agreement with government
Ahlu Sunna Walajama’a moderate Islamists and the transitional federal government of Somalia have signed an agreement inAddis Abba on Monday.

Somalia’s ambassador to Ethiopia, Said Yusuf Nur said a ceremony attended by representatives from AU, UN and the International community was held in the Addis Ababa, where the officials from the government and ASWJ signed the agreement.

The two sides have agreed to unite their policy and military to fight against the rebels.

Mr. Nur added that the two sides formed a committee which will work the enforcement of the agreement with in 30 days.

The [new] government will [include] ministers from Ahlu Sunna Walajama’a. The deputy prime minister and finance minister of Somali government, Sharif Hassan Sheikh Aden and the chairman of ASWJ Mohamed Dahir Hefow signed the agreement.


According to the preliminary agreement, signed in February,
Article 2
Allocation of Government Positions to ASWJ

1. ASWJ shall be integrated into the TFG. The TFG shall allocate to the ASWJ government positions as follows:

  • five (5) Ministers of categories A,B,C;
  • one (1) Minister of State;
  • five (5) Assistant Ministers of categories A, B, C;
  • five (5) Directors-General of categories A, B, C;
  • five (5) Directors of Departments of categories A, B, C;
  • three (3) Deputy Commanders of the national armed, police and security forces;
  • three (3) Ambassadors;
  • three (3) Consular Officers;
  • three (3) Commercial Attaches;
  • three (3) Military Attaches; and
  • three (3) Cultural Attaches.


  • Here's a taste of what the new ministers have to look forward to:

    Mareeg Online: Lawmaker resigns from Parliament
    A Somali lawmaker has announced Monday that he resigned from his post as a Somali parliamentarian.

    Speaking to the reporters in Bosasso town in Putland in north eastern Somalia, Said Hassan Shire announced his resignation.

    He said the Somali government failed to regain all the Somali regions and the controversial agreement with Kenya about the sea water of Somalia forced him to resign.

    MP Salah Nuh Badbaado had also resigned from parliament two months ago. The Somali parliament is consisted of 550 MPs and some of the parliamentarians were complaining about lack of salary.

    The deputy speaker of the Somali parliament, Mohamed Omar Dalha said they did not get their salaries for the last nine months.


    They can keep adding as many members to parliament as they want - it's all a facade anyway. They don't meet, they don't get paid, and they hardly get a say in what takes place in Somalia. If they can't get money out of their foreign backers, maybe they'll end up joining their brethren in the Somali military in shaking down civilians and bus passengers to earn a living.

    -- -- --

    IRIN: Without food and unable to bury the dead in Mogadishu
    Five days of fighting in the Somali capital, Mogadishu, have left residents without food, cut off from their homes and unable to bury their dead, civil society leaders in the city said.

    “We cannot go to some of the worst-affected areas and for all we know people may be buried under the rubble of what used to be their homes,” Asha Sha’ur, a civil society activist, told IRIN. The fighting had displaced hundreds of families, she added.

    In many areas of the city, people were unable to access their homes or even bury their dead. The fighting had also cut off aid deliveries.

    “What little assistance that used to come in is no longer there, so they [civilians] are on their own," Sha'ur added. "It is a tragedy but no one seems to care. Imagine people with small children unable to go out and buy food or milk."

    Ali Sheikh Yassin, deputy chairman of the Mogadishu-based Elman Human Rights Organization (EHRO), told IRIN the fighting between government troops and insurgent which began on 9 March "had been the most intense since May 2009".

    Local sources estimate that more than 100 people had died before relative calm returned to the city on 15 March. "I would say this was the worst [fighting],” Yassin told IRIN.

    Some residents, he added, had ventured out of their homes on 15 March to assess the damage and bury their dead.

    "There is a feeling among the population that this is not the end and worse is yet to come," he said. Both sides, he explained, were mobilizing, with tanks belonging to the African Union (AU) peacekeeping mission (AMISOM) dotting the city.

    A medical source said the hospitals had been inundated. "We are barely coping," she told IRIN. "When you think there are no more, more are brought in."

    ...

    While the death toll was more than 100, another 245 people were injured, the medical source said.

    “These are the ones we can account for; there may be many more who are unaccounted for,” she said. “I am sure that once we have access to the epicentre of the fighting the death toll will be much higher.”

    Most of the injured, she said, were children, citing the case of Salado Ali in Medina, Mogadishu's main hospital. Her six-year-old son and husband were injured when their home in the northern Karan district was hit by a shell.

    "The doctors have removed the pieces from the boy's stomach," she told IRIN by telephone. "They tell me he is stable."

    Salado, whose husband was in another wing of the hospital with a less serious injury, said: "I don't think there is anyone left in our neighbourhood."


    -- -- --

    SMC: The supreme leader of Al-Shabab warns the warriors to be alert
    The supreme leader of Al-Shabab an Islamist faction in Somalia which controls most of the regions in south and central Somalia, Sheikh Abdurrahman Abuu Zubeyr has overnight addressed the local media after along time of silence.

    The highest leader of Al-Shabab has seriously warned the fighters of Al-Shabab to be very attentive and loyal to their commanders, and not to violate their commands.

    The speech of the leader which was very long was touching various parts in the current situation of Somalia, and has deeply warned the fighters of Al-Shabab to show extra courageousness, and absolute tolerance.

    “I recommend you to be very alert, and be obedient to the commands of your commanders, and been obedient to your commanders we can overcome the entire of our foes” said Sheikh Abdurrahman Abuu Zubeyr the supreme commander of Al-Shabab.

    Eventually the commander of Al-Shabab has added that the followers of Prophet Mohammed Peace be Upon Him had excellent behaviour to be copied and urged the warriors of Al-Shabab to do the same.

    -- -- --

    The report from the U.N. Monitoring Group On Somalia is now publicly available. (There is also a mirrored pdf copy available at Hiiraan Online)

    No time to read through it in detail at the moment, but here are some noteworthy items from a quick skim

    Primary sources of supply remain Yemen and Ethiopia, although contributions to the Transitional Federal Government from the United States, Uganda and other parties have also entered Somali arms markets. Eritrea — once a major sponsor of armed opposition groups — appears to have scaled down its military assistance while continuing to provide political, diplomatic and possibly financial support. There has been little overall change in the types of arms and ammunition entering Somalia, but the Monitoring Group has observed that small numbers of heavy mortars and wire-guided anti-tank weapons are now employed by armed opposition groups.

    ...

    The limited ability of the Transitional Federal Government to pay its officials and security forces is handicapped by entrenched corruption at all levels: commanders and troops alike sell their arms and ammunition — sometimes even to their enemies. Revenues from Mogadishu port and airport are siphoned off.

    ...

    All of Somalia’s immediate neighbours — Djibouti, Ethiopia and Kenya — are militarily involved in the conflict or plan to become involved in the coming months. A growing number of countries provide military support to the Transitional Federal Government, with or without the approval of the Security Council Committee established pursuant to resolution 751 (1992).

    ...

    ..the Monitoring Group believes that reports of a split within Al-Shabaab may be overstated.

    Equally overstated is the importance of foreign fighters in Al-Shabaab ranks. Although there is no question that several hundred foreigners now fight within or alongside Al-Shabaab units and provide advice and technical expertise at various levels within the organization, they do not appear to have made a decisive contribution to any single engagement in recent months, nor to the overall course of the conflict.

    ...

    The Monitoring Group distinguishes between two categories of arms embargo violations, namely, technical and substantive violations. Technical violations involve support for Somali security sector institutions, which are eligible for exemptions under paragraph 11 (b) of resolution 1772 (2007), but for which no exemption has been requested in advance and on a case-by-case basis from the Security Council Committee established pursuant to resolution 751 (1992). Substantive violations involve contraventions of the embargo that would under no circumstances be eligible for exemptions. Arms and ammunition provided with authorization from the Committee, or in technical violation of resolution 1772 (2007), represent a growing proportion of arms flows to Somalia. As noted in the Monitoring Group’s report of December 2008, much of this assistance ends up in the hands of armed opposition groups or on the open market.

    Non-State and intergovernmental actors mentioned in this section fall beyond the scope of the Monitoring Group’s mandate: namely, regional and international organizations, aid agencies and private security companies. The absence of any provision for them to obtain exemptions under resolution 1772 (2007) creates ambiguities with respect to their compliance with the arms embargo. In the past, the Monitoring Group has approached this problem by encouraging international organizations to notify the Committee of their intentions, and for private sector actors to obtain the sponsorship of their host Governments vis-à-vis the Committee. As the number of non-State actors involved in Somalia increases, there is an urgent need to clarify and formalize these arrangements.

    ...

    Although some parties to the conflict, notably the Transitional Federal Government and Ahlu Sunna wal Jama’a, benefit from direct external military aid, most factions procure their supplies from internal markets nourished by commercial brokers.

    ...

    Throughout the course of the mandate, the Ethiopian National Defence Force has routinely entered Somali territory, notably in the Hiraan and Galguduud regions, and established temporary bases. Late in August 2009, Ethiopian forces stationed at the border town of Ferfer also engaged in joint operations with ASWJ against Al-Shabaab.

    The Monitoring Group has also learned of Ethiopian force sorties into Gedo region, apparently for reconnaissance purposes.

    The Monitoring Group does not believe that operations of foreign military forces on Somali soil correspond with the definition of support to the Somali security sector under Security Council resolution 1772 (2007), and therefore constitute a substantive violation of the arms embargo.

    ...

    The United States requested authorization to provide cash, as well as arms and ammunition, in May and June 2009. The United States support consisted chiefly of ammunition for light and medium-sized weapons and was purchased from on-hand stocks of the Uganda People’s Defence Forces. The overall amount notified by the United States Government was 94 tons of weapons and ammunition and $2 million in financial assistance. No sophisticated or heavy weapons were delivered.

    ...
    United States contributions to the Transitional Federal Government appear to have been informed in part by past experience. Most of the American consignment was ammunition, and only a limited supply of infantry weapons in order to minimize losses. Nevertheless, there are widespread reports of government forces selling ammunition, and weapons from the same consignment appear to have ended up on the market.

    The majority of assistance to the Somali security sector has not been authorized by the Committee. Although the Monitoring Group has attempted to keep track of such contributions, it has not always been able to do so. While some States appear to be unaware of their obligations, others seem to resist transparency and accountability. Whatever their reason or intentions, those States are in technical violation of the general and complete arms embargo on Somalia.

    The Monitoring Group is aware of several States that have not met their obligations under resolution 1772 (2007). In several cases, they have also failed to provide clarification to the Monitoring Group when requested to do so. Those States include [U.S. proxy] Ethiopia, [U.S. proxy] Kenya, the Sudan, [U.S. proxy] Uganda and Yemen.

    ...

    Another feature of Somalia’s war economy is the increasing activity of private security companies. Most private security companies are currently focused on protection for merchant vessels, and they do not necessarily conduct operations on Somali territory. A small but growing number, however, are prepared to tackle the challenges of onshore security services, including support to AMISOM, support to the Transitional Federal Government, and protection for private enterprises.

    Few private security companies are aware of the arms embargo, and may therefore be operating in violation of its provisions. As mentioned above, resolution 1772 (2007) is [conveniently] silent on whether non-State actors providing support to Somali security sector institutions or private militias might be eligible for waivers or exemptions.

    Bancroft Global Development

    221. Bancroft provides technical expertise to AMISOM, principally related to counter-improvised explosive device capabilities, and operates under the auspices of AMISOM.

    Dyncorp International

    222. Dyncorp provides logistical support to AMISOM. Its facilities and personnel were specifically targeted during the suicide attack on 17 September 2009 at AMISOM force headquarters.

    CSS Global Inc.

    223. According to media reports, a United States-based company named CSS Global, an affiliate of CSS Alliance, has secured a contract with the Transitional Federal Government for services relating to counter-piracy and counter-terrorism. These reports were corroborated by an official of the Transitional Federal Government, Ali Hassan Gulaid, on 14 October 2009.

    224. The Monitoring Group is unaware of any authorization of this activity by the Committee and sent a letter on 16 December 2009 to CSS Global seeking clarification. CSS has provided no response to date.

    ...

    Despite infusions of foreign training and assistance, government security forces remain ineffective, disorganized and corrupt — a composite of independent militias loyal to senior government officials and military officers who profit from the business of war and resist their integration under a single command. As a result, external assistance to the Transitional Federal Government continues to function as a major loophole in the general and complete arms embargo, through which arms, ammunition, equipment and skills all flow to armed opposition groups. Although difficult to verify, it is increasingly plausible that the Transitional Federal Government represents a more important source of arms and ammunition than foreign sponsors for its adversaries.

    -- -- --

    Garowe Online: 3 killed in Mogadishu fighting
    At least three people are killed and 10 others injured on Tuesday in fresh shelling that rocked parts of Somalia’s restive capital Mogadishu, medics and witnesses said.

    Witnesses said clashes erupted in Mogadishu’s Yaqshid neighbourhood where several mortar shells fired by government forces landed at residential areas and market, killing at least five civilians and injuring more than 10 others.

    Several wounded civilians were admitted in various Mogadishu hospitals, according to ambulance workers.

    “We collected 10 wounded people from areas that were mostly shelled. These areas include Bakara, Hararyale, Suuq Ba’ad and Sanaa,” Ali Muse of Mogadishu Ambulance service said.

    He adds, “The wounded, including some in serious conditions, were admitted in Daynile and Keysaney hospitals.”


    -- -- --

    A report Tuesday at Afrik.com skips right over the powerless TFG and says it was a deal between A.S.W.J. and AMISOM
    Moderate Islamist group joins AU forces against Al-Shabab
    Influential Muslim group have joined forces with African Union troops to wage war on al-Qaeda-linked al-Shabab military group in Somalia. The Ahlu Sunna Wal Jamaa group signed the military alliance in the African Union head quarters in Ethiopia.

    "We have agreed to share power [Ahlu Sunna African Union forces and Somali government forces]” Somali Prime Minister Omar Abdirashid Ali Sharmarke was quoted at the signing ceremony.

    The Ahlu Sunna Wal Jamaa is reportedly fighting al-Shabab over control of areas in central Somalia have decided to gain a military advantage by merging with African Union troops to defeat their insurgent rivals.

    ...

    Head of the African Union Mr. Jean Ping has welcomed the military alliance as a historic opportunity for peace- urging al-Shabab to lay down its arms.

    ...

    Despite the praise of Ahlu Sunma by the African Union, some factions of the group have opposed the deal.


    Pressuring some to sign and then hope that everyone falls in line...? That's allegedly what the delay was about over the weekend.

    Shabelle Media: Somali group urges members to support recent signed deal with government
    Following misunderstandings which came out among Ahlu Sunna Wal Jama'a (Somalia's moderate Islamist group), after the signing of Addis Ababa agreement with Somali Transitional Government, Ahlu Sunna Wal Jama'a officials who attended the talks with the government in Ethiopia, have urged their colleagues from different parts in the country to accept the deal. Shabelle Website reports.

    Ahlu Sunna Wal Jama'a delegates in Addis Ababa are now calling all those who oppose the deal for talks, so that they can discuss and resolve their differences.

    Shabelle website has quoted Ahlu Sunna Wal Jama'a official, Abdulkadir Awliyow, asking the group members to cooperate in correcting any mistakes in the deal.

    The official, Mr Awliyow, told the media that Ethiopian security officials have harassed some of Ahlu Sunna Wal Jama'a delegates in their hotels in Addis Ababa.


    As a report at Kismaayo News noted a month ago that
    not only the deal convince Ahlu Sunnah take part in this offensive but also TFG will have a territory to govern outside the few blocks in the capital.

    The Ethiopia inspired group controls large swaths of central Somalia..


    Reports attribute the towns of Gurieel, Dhuusamareeb, and Aabudwaaq under A.S.W.J. rule, but both "controls" and "large" are exaggerations, according to analyst Abdikarim Buh, which was reported here around the same time.

    -- -- --

    Garowe Online: Ahlu Sunnah members reject agreement with TFG
    A section of Somalia’s Ahlu Sunnah Wal Jama'a militia group has vowed not to recognize a deal signed by their fellow group members with the weak UN-backed Somali government in Ethiopian capital, Addis Ababa.

    Led by the group’s foreign relation officer, Sheikh Bashir Abdi Olaad and his colleague Sheikh Abdiqadir Abdirahman (Abu-Zakriya), the section said ' the deal a betrayal to the unity of the group and we feel that this agreement is intended to disintegrate the group,” Sheikh Bashir told reporters in Abudwaq town in central Galgadud region.

    “This agreement was a betrayal which is meant to hijack the group. We are making it clear that we do not recognize but also we are not opposed to the government,” Abu Zakariya said.


    -- -- --

    Damage Control Pt. 2

    Asharq Alawsat News: A Talk with Somali President Sharif Sheikh Ahmed
    Sheikh Ahmad denied that there exists a US proposal for direct military intervention in his country. However, he affirmed that he does not object to a US military support to strengthen the government institutions. To justify his stand, he said that it would be an indirect US support for Somalia.

    In an interview that Asharq Al-Awsat conducted with him during his visit to Dubai to attend a conference, Sheikh Sharif Sheikh Ahmad said Somalia turned into an ideal environment for Al-Qaeda and its ideas. He added that all attempts to remove him from power will fail because Somalia's history is full of failed attempts of this kind, as he put it. [?]

    ...

    Asked if military support is important in controlling the situation, the Somali president said military support is important in order to reinforce the government institutions. He noted that he does not object to asking the Americans for military support. He said: "I do not object to seeking military support from the Americans."

    He said there is no direct US intervention in Somalia and that there is no US proposal for direct military intervention. He added: "What we are taking about is support for the government to reinforce the state institutions. This is what I meant and what I seek."

    In reply to a question as to whether the Americans bombed the positions of the armed movements that are behind the violence in the country, Sharif said: "With regard to the Al-Qaeda members, if their positions are pinpointed and movements monitored and the Americans want to target them, this is something that we may discuss." Nevertheless, he pointed out that "the government is interested in reaching a solution with" the other armed movements in Somalia.

    The Somali president affirmed that he is ready to talk to all Somali parties that are opposed to him with the aim of reaching a settlement to put an end to the massacres in Somalia.

    He said: "I will sit with any Somali party that wants to sit with us, be it the Mujahidin Youth Movement or others, to reach a solution that will stop the bloodshed."

    But he refused to say which Somali parties are the most difficult ones to reach a solution with. He remarked: "We seek to enter dialogue with all parties. Therefore, I will not name any party."

    ...

    When asked if he would give up power in favor of the opposition in exchange for a political program to end the violence, how would you deal with such an offer?

    Sharif said: "I am not interested in power as much as I am interested in saving the Somali people. But there is a group that tells me that I must leave in order to calm the situation. This is rejected."

    He added: "We must agree with any party that seeks to take power on means to allow all parties to share power. I have the right to run [in elections] and govern, and they too, as Somalis, have the same right."

    He continued: "I do not exclude anyone from power and do not allow anyone to exclude me from power. When we negotiate, we will reach a solution. But let us say in the beginning to these groups: Stop the war and come with your demands, so that we may negotiate."


    -- -- --

    Inner City Press: Somali Starvation Shows Security Council Schizophrenia, Humanitarian Window Eyed
    Days after the UN Security Council expressed concern about its Somalia Sanctions report of food aid being diverted to Al Shabab, some Council members realized that merely blocking the World Food Program from working with three allegedly Al Shabab affiliated transportation companies had led to starvation.

    While the Sanctions Committee's mandate was scheduled to be extended on March 19, now that will be March 22 or later. Inner City Press is told by numerous Council delegations of a discussion of a "humanitarian window" in which needed food aid could be delivered in Somalia, without regard to sanctions.

    One delegation explained this to mean that the Sanctions Committee would "look away" for a period of time. "Willful blindness," it was called.

    ...

    The consideration of a humanitarian window seems to be an acknowledgement, if only implicitly, that the UN Sanctions regime has caused humanitarian harm to civilians. Does the U.S. / Obama Administration acknowledge that? One would need to hear from Ambassador Susan Rice, but hasn't.

    -- -- --

    From Issue 345 of Ecoterra International's SMCM: DUTCH NAVY DESTROYS WORLDBANK AND DANIDA PROJECT BOAT
    The media propaganda distributed by EU NAVFOR contained a picture, which shows very clearly that the open fishing boat destroyed by the Dutch navy was project property of NECFISH, a Worldbank and DANIDA financed fisheries development project - the North East Coast Fishing Enterprises (NEC-FISH), implemented with the Somali Ministry of Fisheries.

    The main aim of this project was to develop fisheries at the North-East coast of Somalia. It had a budget of US$21.5m provided by the Worldbank and the Danish development agency DANIDA.

    What the navy falsely calls a "whaler" (i.e. a powerful boat used to harpoon whales) is in reality the typical Somali fishing boat used for net-fishing, produced in fibreglass by a Swedish development project, which operated south of Mogadishu and equipped with a robust Volvo Penta inboard engine, which is why the Somalis call it "VOLVA" - a slow but reliable workhorse of the fishermen.

    That this boat maybe was misused to transport fuel for skiffs used in piracy attacks will have to be proven by the Dutch.

    But even if so, the DUTCH had no right to destroy the boat in one of the typical shoot & explode excercises of the bored navies, which also polluted the sea.

    The boat is official property of the Somali Government and the Somali people and could have easily be handed back to the rightful owners to be used e.g. in fisheries surveillance or to be given to one of the impoverished fishing communities.

    ECOTERRA Intl. has repeatedly protested against such wilful destruction and urged the navies to hand over the confiscated boats to the Somali government or to fisheries development projects in Somalia, to stop illegal foreign fishing vessels from entering the Somali waters, to respect themselves the sovreignty of Somalia and to follow strictly the enshrined international laws - not some constructs which do not hold water. While real acts of piracy against innocent merchant vessel must be countered by a moral and legal means, the "prevention model" applied now reminds of the ideas propagated for an "Endloesung" over 60 years ago!


    They also note:

    With no more WFP ships to escort, because the World Food Programme has been banned out of Somalia by Al-Shabaab and stripped of funding by the US, while an investigation concerning fraud is ongoing, the European navies have now resorted to hunting any Somali on the waters. While illegal fishing by foreign vessels in Somali waters is rampant the navy vessels around the Horn have not only not in a single case stopped any fish-poacher while they are preventing the Somalis to go after those, they also stand accused even by high governmental officials from Somalia to protect illegal fishing and not permitted geo- and hydro-graphic exploration operations in the Somali waters and along the continental shelf of Somalia.

    -- -- --

    ACO: NATO provides airlift support to African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM)
    In response to the African Union request for strategic airlift support to the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM), the USA has conducted airlift missions under the NATO banner in support of the Ugandan troop rotations.

    The airlift, which commenced on 5 Mar 2010 and was completed on 16 Mar 2010, was undertaken by USA contracted DynCorps International, transporting 1700 Ugandan troops from Uganda into Mogadishu and re-deploying 850 Ugandan troops out of Mogadishu.

    NATO began providing support to the African Union in May 2005. The NATO approach in Africa is based on the recognition of the African Union's desire to provide African solutions to African problems. As such, all assistance is based on specific requests from the African Union.

    Part of this policy is the NATO standing agreement to provide Strategic sealift and airlift support for African Union Troop Contributing Countries willing to deploy to Somalia, recently extended by NATO until 31 January 2011. Besides NATO's significant airlift contributions to the AU mission in SUDAN (AMIS), before this last airlift request, the first and only support to AMISOM was given in June 2008 to transport a battalion of Burundian peacekeepers to Mogadishu.

    -- -- --

    Shabelle Media: Meeting on security held in Mogadishu
    A meeting on the security of Mogadishu between the administration of Banadir region and the interior ministery of the transitional government has been held in the Somali capital, official said on Saturday.

    ...

    Abdirisak Mohamed Nor, the governor of the transitional government of Somalia told reporters after the meeting saying that the importance of the meeting was how the government would take control of the whole parts of the region.

    ..the governor said that they agreed all the people around the international airport of Aden Adde to move away from those areas to be saved from clashes saying that those people might affect violence if fighting starts in Mogadishu.


    AP: Doubts grow on Somali offensive's chances at peace
    Problems including corrupt officials and a lack of supplies have delayed Somalia's military offensive against Islamic insurgents, but even before the first shot has been fired new warnings have emerged that blood may be spilled for little or no gain.

    In signs the offensive is approaching, close to 1,000 additional troops arrived from Uganda last week to support the African Union's forces in Mogadishu, and the Islamists have been digging trenches across the capital's streets to impede AU armored cars.

    ...

    But Somalia's government, whose forces are weak and poorly trained and equipped, has not described how it would consolidate any gains made in the offensive or win the support of the people, who are splintered into hundreds of clans.

    Experts say the government does not appear to have a political plan ready to deploy after the end of the fighting, which is likely to kill scores of civilians.

    ...

    As the commander in chief, President Sheik Sharif Sheik Ahmed would order the start of the offensive. Ahmed told The Associated Press that efforts are under way to professionalize and better equip the security forces, but the government lacks money to pay the soldiers, many of whom have been trained in neighboring Djibouti by the African Union.

    U.S. officials in Washington say they have given money to help pay for Somalia's soldiers, but declined to discuss how the money was delivered, to whom, or how they could be sure it reached the fighters. A U.N. report said the government's ability to pay soldiers is hindered by deep corruption.

    ...

    ..the U.S. is encouraging the Somali government to think about what it will do after the battles are over, said a State Department official who spoke on condition of anonymity because of departmental policy.

    ...

    ..Roland Marchal, a Somalia expert at the Center for International Studies and Research in Paris, said militants can wait for government troops to either start selling their ammunition or simply defect because they're not being paid or given food.


    Daily Nation: Militia faction disowns Somalia peace pact
    Doubts surround a recent pact with a militia faction aimed at consolidating the power of the Transitional Federal Government of Somalia after a section of the militia leadership disowned the deal.

    The agreement, signed this week in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, was aimed at bolstering efforts of the fledgling government to root out radical Islamic militias but protests by Ahlu Sunna Wal-Jamea leaders are likely to collapse the drive.

    The latest turn of events cast doubts on earlier reports that ongoing talks between the pro-government Islamist group and the Africa Union-backed government had made headway after both parties agreed on certain issues.

    In a sign of leadership struggles within the Ahlu Sunna, the most prominent moderate Islamic group in Somalia, vice chairman Sheik Hassan Sheik Abdi convened a press conference in Nairobi’s Eastleigh area to denounce the purported agreement as well as question the leadership of his chairman, Sheikh Mahammud Sheikh Hassan, who was leading “a non-representative delegation” at the talks.

    ...

    The bone of contention, according to Mr Mohamud Abdi, secretary for the leadership committee of Ahlu Sunna, is that there was no official delegation sent to the Addis conference and therefore those at the forum could not enter into a pact on Ahlu Sunna’s behalf.

    “There was no official delegation to the conference which had proper authority to sign any agreement with the transitional government on our behalf,” Sheikh Abdi asserted at the Nairobi press conference.

    ...

    Mr Sheik Abdi said the agenda of the meeting and some contents of the agreement were not in line with Ahlu Sunna’s efforts and successful military operations towards creating an immediate peaceful and stable Somalia.

    “Before any external agreements with any second party, Ahlu Sunna wants to complete a reformation meeting that has been going on since January,” he said.


    Nairobi Star: Kenya: Nation Stuck With Somali 'Mercenaries'
    An estimated 2,500 Somali youths trained by Kenya to fight in Somalia are stranded at Archer's Post in Isiolo, The Star has established.

    A report by the UN Monitoring Group on Somalia which was presented to the UN Security Council indicates the youths, majority of them from the Ogaden clan, started receiving training early last year at the request of President Sheikh Shariff under the auspices of his then Minister of Defence Mohamed Abdi Mohammed "Gandhi".

    ...

    The Star established that the youths cannot be deployed to Somalia as there was a stalemate between Kenya, Ethiopia and Somalia about where they would be most useful.

    While the Kenyan security forces want to have the youths deployed in the southern Somali regions of Juba and Gedo to create a buffer zone with the militant Al Shabaab, Ethiopia and the Somalia transitional government want them sent to Mogadishu to help repulse the Al Shabaab who have taken control of large parts of the capital.

    Somalia President Sheikh Shariff later fell out with his Defence minister Mohamed Ghandi, an Ogadeni, whom he suspected of pushing for the deployment of the youths in Juba and Gedo to not only fight the Al Shabaab but also lay the foundation for the establishment of an Ogaden autonomous region.

    Ethiopia's fears the deployment of the contingent in Ogaden might bolster and give the Ogaden National Liberation Front a launching pad for its attacks against Ethiopia.

    ...

    Yesterday Somalia Ambassador to Kenya, Mohamed Ali Nur, confirmed there was a stalemate in the deployment process. He could not comment further "because the issue is sensitive." "The government of Somalia will very soon address that. I am not an authority on this matter. I can't talk about it, but I have heard the reports of the former Somali Defence minister meeting with Somali elders in Nairobi on the deployment issue," said Ali Nur.

    ...

    According to the UN report, two training centres were established at the Kenya Wildlife Service training camp at Manyani, and near Archer's Post in Isiolo.

    "A total of 36 Somali officers were recruited to assist in the training under the command of a General Abdi Mahdi and Abdullahi Sheikh Ismail 'Fartaag'. The officers completed one-month training in September 2009".

    The youths under the command of General Mahdi, a former Somali warlord, were supposed to be deployed on February 16, 2010 immediately after they completed their training.

    They have been at the training camps since then waiting for their deployment.

    Yesterday security analysts were fearful that if the squad is allowed back into the communities it would pose a grave security risk. A few of the trainees escaped from the camp when they received reports they might be deployed to Mogadishu to fight the Al-Shabaab militants.

    One of the Kenyan Somali trainers who sought anonymity told the Star that he and other trainers have not been paid since the programme started last September.

    The youths who were each promised a salary of $150 (Sh11,400) a month after recruitment had also not been paid.

    Last Tuesday the former Somalia Defence minister Mohamed Ghandi hosted elders from the Marehan and Ogaden clans to brief them on the training and deployment plans. The meeting, held at Chester House, Nairobi, also discussed the possibility of the two clans withdrawing their support to the Somali government.

    Sources at the meeting said Ghandi assured the elders that the youths will be deployed in the Gedo and Juba region as he had initially planned when he was still Minister.

    -- -- --

    Shabelle Media: Displaced Somalis ask TFG to relocate them
    More displaced Somalis around the international airport of Aden Adde in Mogadishu have Sunday asked the transitional government of Somalia to relocate them, just a day after the governor of the transitional government called for the people around airport to move away from the area.

    ...

    The displaced people had repeatedly requested from the transitional government authorities to give them position or places to live pointing out that they did not know what to do and where to go.

    The land which the administration of Banadir ordered to move situates at Afisyone in Waberi district near the airport of Mogadishu was belonged by the Somali government earlier, but most of the people living there had reached at the area as they displaced from their houses in Somali capital Mogadishu.


    -- -- --

    Damage Control, Part Three

    Garowe Online: Somalia president rejects direct American military intervention
    Somalia’s interim president Sheikh Sharif Sheikh Ahmed says he does not welcome direct military intervention from the US to support his fragile government in overcoming the powerful insurgents.

    “We are requesting the US not engage in direct military in Somalia but provide us with support in rebuilding the forces and weapons,” said Sheikh Sharif who added that he would not allow foreign country to directly intervene in his country.

    "Our forces have prepared well and can do the job of flushing terrorist out the country and that is why we are requesting non military interference," President Ahmed said.